Embedded Systems (Cambridge International IGCSE Computer Science)

Spec point — 3.1.5 · "5 Describe the purpose and characteristics of an embedded system and identify devices in which they are commonly used"

Embedded Systems

What is an embedded system?

• An embedded system is a computer system which is used to perform a dedicated function, inside a larger mechanical unit

• Examples of embedded systems include

  • Heating thermostats
  • Hospital equipment
  • Washing machines
  • Dishwashers
  • Coffee machines
  • Satellite navigation systems
  • Factory equipment
  • Security systems
  • Traffic lights

What are the properties of an embedded system?

• They are small in size
• They use less power than a general-purpose computer
• They have a lower cost

Exam Hint Always use key examples from the list above and don’t try to use different examples such as a fridge or kettle as these will not appear on mark schemes because although they have a single purpose, most fridges and kettles do not have a CPU.

Worked Example

1. Tick two boxes below to show which are an example of an embedded system

[2]

	Is it an example of an embedded system
Laptop
Washing Machine
Mobile Phone
Car Engine Management System

1. Justify your choice to question 1

[2]

Answers

1. Tick two boxes below to show which are an example of an embedded system. [2]

	Is it an example of an embedded system
Laptop
Washing Machine	Final answer: ✓
Mobile Phone
Car Engine Management System	Final answer: ✓

1. Justify your choice to question 1 [2]

Any two of:

• A washing machine and car engine management system are not general-purpose computers [1] - A washing machine and car engine management system have a single purpose and are both housed inside a larger mechanical unit [1]
• A washing machine and car engine management system have a microprocessor [1]